Cosmos DB Connector for PowerShell In this article you will learn how to integrate Cosmos DB data in PowerShell without coding in just a few clicks (live / bi-directional connection to Cosmos DB). Connect to your Azure Cosmos DB databases to read, query, create, update, and delete documents and more!. Using Cosmos DB Connector you will be able to connect, read, and write data from within PowerShell. Follow the steps below to see how we would accomplish that. Download Documentation The driver mentioned above is part of ODBC PowerPack which is a collection of high-performance Drivers for various API data source (i.e. REST API, JSON, XML, CSV, Amazon S3 and many more). Using familiar SQL query language you can make live connections and read/write data from API sources or JSON / XML / CSV Files inside SQL Server (T-SQL) or your favorite Reporting (i.e. Power BI, Tableau, Qlik, SSRS, MicroStrategy, Excel, MS Access), ETL Tools (i.e. Informatica, Talend, Pentaho, SSIS). You can also call our drivers from programming languages such as JAVA, C#, Python, PowerShell etc. If you are new to ODBC and ZappySys ODBC PowerPack then check the following links to get started. ODBC PowerPack - System Requirements and Installation Getting Started - Using ODBC PowerPack ODBC API Driver Help File

Connect to Cosmos DB in other apps Connect to Cosmos DB in SSIS Connect to Cosmos DB in SQL Server Connect to Cosmos DB in Power BI Connect to Cosmos DB in SSRS Connect to Cosmos DB in Informatica Connect to Cosmos DB in MS Access Connect to Cosmos DB in MS Excel Connect to Cosmos DB in SSAS Connect to Cosmos DB in C# Connect to Cosmos DB in Python Connect to Cosmos DB in JAVA Connect to Cosmos DB in Tableau Connect to Cosmos DB in SAP Crystal Reports Connect to Cosmos DB in Azure Data Factory (Pipeline) Connect to Cosmos DB in Azure Data Factory (SSIS) Connect to Cosmos DB in Talend Studio Connect to Cosmos DB in UiPath Connect to Cosmos DB in ODBC

Create ODBC Data Source (DSN) based on ZappySys API Driver

Step-by-step instructions

To get data from Cosmos DB using PowerShell we first need to create a DSN (Data Source) which will access data from Cosmos DB. We will later be able to read data using PowerShell. Perform these steps:

1. Install ZappySys ODBC PowerPack.

2. Open ODBC Data Sources (x64):
   

3. Create a User Data Source (User DSN) based on ZappySys API Driver

   ZappySys API Driver

   
   You should create a System DSN (instead of a User DSN) if the client application is launched under a Windows System Account, e.g. as a Windows Service. If the client application is 32-bit (x86) running with a System DSN, use ODBC Data Sources (32-bit) instead of the 64-bit version.

4. When the Configuration window appears give your data source a name if you haven't done that already, then select "Cosmos DB" from the list of Popular Connectors. If "Cosmos DB" is not present in the list, then click "Search Online" and download it. Then set the path to the location where you downloaded it. Finally, click Continue >> to proceed with configuring the DSN:

   CosmosDbDSN

   Cosmos DB

   

5. Now it's time to configure the Connection Manager. Select Authentication Type, e.g. Token Authentication. Then select API Base URL (in most cases, the default one is the right one). More info is available in the Authentication section.

    ApiKey [Http]

   Steps to get Cosmos DB Credentials : ApiKey [Http]
   Connecting to your Azure Cosmos DB data requires you to authenticate your REST API access. Follow the instructions below:

   1. Go to your Azure portal homepage: https://portal.azure.com/
   2. In the search bar at the top of the homepage, enter Azure Cosmos DB. In the dropdown that appears, select Azure Cosmos DB.
   3. Click on the name of the database account you want to connect to. (Also copy and paste the name of the database account for later use.)
   4. On the next page where you can see all of the database account information, look along the left side and select Keys.
   5. On the Keys page, you will have two tabs: Read-write Keys and Read-only Keys. If you are going to write data to your database, you need to remain on the Read-write Keys tab. If you are only going to read data from your database, you should select the Read-only Keys tab.
   6. On the Keys page, copy the PRIMARY KEY value and paste it somewhere for later use. (The SECONDARY KEY value may also be copied and pasted instead of PRIMARY KEY.)
   7. Back at the connector screen, enter the primary or secondary key you recorded in step 6 into the Primary or Secondary Key field.
   8. Enter the database account you recorded in step 3 into the Database Account field.
   9. Enter or select the default database you want to connect to using the Defualt Database field.
   10. Enter or select the default table (i.e. container/collection) you want to connect to using the Default Table (Container/Collection) field.
   11. Select the Test Connection button at the bottom of the window to verify proper connectivity with your Azure Devops account.
   12. If the connection test succeeds, select OK.

   Fill in all required parameters and set optional parameters if needed:

   CosmosDbDSN

   Cosmos DB

   ApiKey [Http]

   https://[$Account$].documents.azure.com

   Required Parameters
   Primary or Secondary Key	Fill in the parameter...
   Account Name (Case-Sensitive)	Fill in the parameter...
   Database Name (keep blank to use default) Case-Sensitive	Fill in the parameter...
   API Version	Fill in the parameter...
   Optional Parameters
   Default Table (needed to invoke #DirectSQL)	Fill in the parameter...

   

6. Once the data source has been configured, you can preview data. Select the Preview tab and use settings similar to the following to preview data:
   

7. Click OK to finish creating the data source.

Video instructions

Read Cosmos DB data in PowerShell

Sometimes, you need to quickly access and work with your Cosmos DB data in PowerShell. Whether you need a quick data overview or the complete dataset, this article will guide you through the process. Here are some common scenarios:

• Quickly peek at Cosmos DB data
• Monitor data constantly in your console

• Export data to a CSV file so that it can be sliced and diced in Excel
• Export data to a JSON file so that it can ingested by other processes
• Export data to an HTML file for user-friendly view and easy sharing
• Create a schedule to make it an automatic process

• Store data internally for analysis or for further ETL processes
• Create a schedule to make it an automatic process

• Integrate data with other systems via external APIs

In this article, we will delve deeper into how to quickly view the data in PowerShell terminal and how to save it to a file. But let's stop talking and get started!

Reading individual fields

1. Open your favorite PowerShell IDE (we are using Visual Studio Code).
2. Then simply follow these instructions:
   "DSN=CosmosDbDSN"

   

   For your convenience, here is the whole PowerShell script:

   # Configure connection string and query
   $connectionString = "DSN=CosmosDbDSN"
   $query = "SELECT * FROM Customers"
   
   # Instantiate OdbcDataAdapter and DataTable
   $adapter = New-Object System.Data.Odbc.OdbcDataAdapter($query, $connectionString)
   $table = New-Object System.Data.DataTable
   
   # Fill the table with data
   $adapter.Fill($table)
   
   # Since we know we will be reading just 4 columns, let's define format for those 4 columns, each separated by a tab
   $format = "{0}`t{1}`t{2}`t{3}"
   
   # Display data in the console
   foreach ($row in $table.Rows)
   {
       # Construct line based on the format and individual Cosmos DB fields
       $line = $format -f ($row["CustomerId"], $row["CompanyName"], $row["Country"], $row["Phone"])
       Write-Host $line
   }
   

   Access specific Cosmos DB table field using this code snippet:

   $field = $row["ColumnName"]

   You will find more info on how to manipulate DataTable.Rows property in Microsoft .NET reference.
   For demonstration purposes we are using sample tables which may not be available in Cosmos DB.
3. To read values in a console, save the script to a file and then execute this command inside PowerShell terminal:
   You can also use even a simpler command inside the terminal, e.g.:

   . 'C:\Users\john\Documents\dsn.ps1'

Retrieving all fields

However, there might be case, when you want to retrieve all columns of a query. Here is how you do it:

"DSN=CosmosDbDSN"

Again, for your convenience, here is the whole PowerShell script:

# Configure connection string and query
$connectionString = "DSN=CosmosDbDSN"
$query = "SELECT CustomerId, CompanyName, Country, Phone FROM Customers"

# Instantiate OdbcDataAdapter and DataTable
$adapter = New-Object System.Data.Odbc.OdbcDataAdapter($query, $connectionString)
$table = New-Object System.Data.DataTable

# Fill the table with data
$adapter.Fill($table)

# Display data in the console
foreach ($row in $table.Rows) {
    $line = ""
    foreach ($column in $table.Columns) {
        $value = $row[$column.ColumnName]

        # Let's handle NULL values
        if ($value -is [DBNull])
        {
            $value = "(NULL)"
        }
        $line += $value + "`t"
    }
    Write-Host $line
}

SELECT * FROM Customers LIMIT 10

Using a full ODBC connection string

In the previous steps we used a very short format of ODBC connection string - a DSN. Yet sometimes you don't want a dependency on an ODBC data source (and an extra step). In those times, you can define a full connection string and skip creating an ODBC data source entirely. Let's see below how to accomplish that in the below steps:

1. Open ODBC data source configuration and click Copy settings:
   

   ZappySys API Driver - Cosmos DB

   Connect to your Azure Cosmos DB databases to read, query, create, update, and delete documents and more!

   CosmosDbDSN

   
2. The window opens, telling us the connection string was successfully copied to the clipboard:
3. Then just paste the connection string into your script:
4. You are good to go! The script will execute the same way as using a DSN.

Limitations of using a full connection string

Despite using a full ODBC connection string may be very convenient it comes with a limitation: it's length is limited to 1024 symbols. It usually happens when API provider generates a very long Refresh Token when OAuth is at play. If it happens you use such API, you may get this error:

"Connection string exceeds maximum allowed length of 1024"

But there is a solution to this by storing the Refresh Token in a file instead of directly in ODBC connection string. Follow the steps below to achieve this.

1. Open your ODBC data source
2. Hit Advanced tab and enter a file path:
   

   ZappySys API Driver - Cosmos DB

   Connect to your Azure Cosmos DB databases to read, query, create, update, and delete documents and more!

   CosmosDbDSN

   
   If you cannot find the Advanced tab, try looking for Click to Configure link in Properties tab, under URL text box. Click it, and then configure the file path in OAuth Grant Options tab.
3. Then click Copy settings button to copy a full connection string and paste it into your script.
4. Proceed by pasting the connection string into your C# code as an argument when calling the OdbcConnection object's constructor.
5. Before using it we still have to shorten it manually like this:
6. Our troubles are over, now you should be able to execute the script with no problems.

Write Cosmos DB data to a file in PowerShell

Save data to a CSV file

Export data to a CSV file so that it can be sliced and diced in Excel:

# Configure connection string and query
$connectionString = "DSN=CosmosDbDSN"
$query = "SELECT * FROM Customers"

# Instantiate OdbcDataAdapter and DataTable
$adapter = New-Object System.Data.Odbc.OdbcDataAdapter($query, $connectionString)
$table = New-Object System.Data.DataTable

# Fill the table with data
$adapter.Fill($table)

# Export table data to a file
$table | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation -Delimiter "`t" | Out-File "C:\Users\john\saved-data.csv" -Force

Save data to a JSON file

Export data to a JSON file so that it can ingested by other processes (use the above script, but change this part):

# Export table data to a file
$table | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File "C:\Users\john\saved-data.json" -Force

Save data to an HTML file

Export data to an HTML file for user-friendly view and easy sharing (use the above script, but change this part):

# Export table data to a file
$table | ConvertTo-Html | Out-File "C:\Users\john\saved-data.html" -Force

Advanced topics

Create Custom Stored Procedure in ZappySys Driver

You can create procedures to encapsulate custom logic and then only pass handful parameters rather than long SQL to execute your API call.

Steps to create Custom Stored Procedure in ZappySys Driver. You can insert Placeholders anywhere inside Procedure Body. Read more about placeholders here

1. Go to Custom Objects Tab and Click on Add button and Select Add Procedure:
   

2. Enter the desired Procedure name and click on OK:
   

3. Select the created Stored Procedure and write the your desired stored procedure and Save it and it will create the custom stored procedure in the ZappySys Driver:
   Here is an example stored procedure for ZappySys Driver. You can insert Placeholders anywhere inside Procedure Body. Read more about placeholders here
   

   CREATE PROCEDURE [usp_get_orders]
       @fromdate = '<<yyyy-MM-dd,FUN_TODAY>>'
    AS
       SELECT * FROM Orders where OrderDate >= '<@fromdate>';
   

   
   

4. That's it now go to Preview Tab and Execute your Stored Procedure using Exec Command. In this example it will extract the orders from the date 1996-01-01:
   

   Exec usp_get_orders '1996-01-01';

   
   

5. Let's generate the SQL Server Query Code to make the API call using stored procedure. Go to Code Generator Tab, select language as SQL Server and click on Generate button the generate the code.
   As we already created the linked server for this Data Source, in that you just need to copy the Select Query and need to use the linked server name which we have apply on the place of [MY_API_SERVICE] placeholder.
   

   SELECT * FROM OPENQUERY([MY_API_SERVICE], 'EXEC usp_get_orders @fromdate=''1996-07-30''')

   
   

6. Now go to SQL served and execute that query and it will make the API call using stored procedure and provide you the response.
   

Create Custom Virtual Table in ZappySys Driver

ZappySys API Drivers support flexible Query language so you can override Default Properties you configured on Data Source such as URL, Body. This way you don't have to create multiple Data Sources if you like to read data from multiple EndPoints. However not every application support supplying custom SQL to driver so you can only select Table from list returned from driver.

If you're dealing with Microsoft Access and need to import data from an SQL query, it's important to note that Access doesn't allow direct import of SQL queries. Instead, you can create custom objects (Virtual Tables) to handle the import process.

Many applications like MS Access, Informatica Designer wont give you option to specify custom SQL when you import Objects. In such case Virtual Table is very useful. You can create many Virtual Tables on the same Data Source (e.g. If you have 50 URLs with slight variations you can create virtual tables with just URL as Parameter setting.

1. Go to Custom Objects Tab and Click on Add button and Select Add Table:
   

2. Enter the desired Table name and click on OK:
   

3. And it will open the New Query Window Click on Cancel to close that window and go to Custom Objects Tab.

4. Select the created table, Select Text Type AS SQL and write the your desired SQL Query and Save it and it will create the custom table in the ZappySys Driver:
   Here is an example SQL query for ZappySys Driver. You can insert Placeholders also. Read more about placeholders here
   

   SELECT
     "ShipCountry",
     "OrderID",
     "CustomerID",
     "EmployeeID",
     "OrderDate",
     "RequiredDate",
     "ShippedDate",
     "ShipVia",
     "Freight",
     "ShipName",
     "ShipAddress",
     "ShipCity",
     "ShipRegion",
     "ShipPostalCode"
   FROM "Orders"
   Where "ShipCountry"='USA'

   
   

5. That's it now go to Preview Tab and Execute your custom virtual table query. In this example it will extract the orders for the USA Shipping Country only:
   

   SELECT * FROM "vt__usa_orders_only"

   
   

6. Let's generate the SQL Server Query Code to make the API call using stored procedure. Go to Code Generator Tab, select language as SQL Server and click on Generate button the generate the code.
   As we already created the linked server for this Data Source, in that you just need to copy the Select Query and need to use the linked server name which we have apply on the place of [MY_API_SERVICE] placeholder.
   

   SELECT * FROM OPENQUERY([MY_API_SERVICE], 'EXEC [usp_get_orders] ''1996-01-01''')

   
   

7. Now go to SQL served and execute that query and it will make the API call using stored procedure and provide you the response.
   

Actions supported by Cosmos DB Connector

Cosmos DB Connector Examples for PowerShell Connection

This page offers a collection of SQL examples designed for seamless integration with the ZappySys API ODBC Driver under ODBC Data Source (36/64) or ZappySys Data Gateway, enhancing your ability to connect and interact with Prebuilt Connectors effectively.

#DirectSQL SELECT * FROM root where root.id !=null order by root._ts desc

SELECT * FROM TestContainer

SELECT * FROM TestContainer Where Id='user2'

SELECT *
FROM query_documents
WITH(
  --  Database='TestDB', --if you dont supply connection level Default Database name is used
	  Table='TestContainer',  
	  Query='select * from root Where root.id!=null order by root._ts desc',
	  Meta='id:string(50);name:string(50);city;age'
	  --Meta='id; name; city; age' -- no types at all. Default is string(2000)
	  --Meta='id; name:string(50); city; age: int'   --Mixed types. If type is missing default string(2000) used
	  --check below URL for more information on Qyery Language Syntax
	  --https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cosmos-db/nosql/query/select
)

INSERT INTO TestContainer (PartitionKey, Document)
VALUES(
'["user2"]', --partition key value must match its attribute from document else it will throw error. In this example container PartitionKey is /id so we used its value. For multiple key use JSON array ["val1","val2"]
'{
  "id": "user2",
  "name": "John Doe",
  "email": "jdoe@contoso.com",
  "phone": ["12345"],
  "level": "platinum"
}'
)
WITH(Upsert='true')

INSERT INTO TestContainer (PartitionKey, Document)
VALUES(
'["user2"]', --partition key value must match its attribute from document else it will throw error. In this example container PartitionKey is /id so we used its value. For multiple key use JSON array ["val1","val2"]
'@c:\data\order.json'   --path must start with @ symbol
)
WITH(Upsert='true', IsMultiPart=1)

INSERT INTO TestContainer (PartitionKey, Document)
VALUES(
'["user2"]', --partition key value must match its attribute from document else it will throw error. In this example container PartitionKey is /id so we used its value. For multiple key use JSON array ["val1","val2"]
'{
  "id": "user2",
  "name": "John Doe",
  "email": "jdoe@contoso.com",
  "phone": ["12345"],
  "level": "platinum"
}')
 WITH(Upsert='true')

UPSERT INTO TestContainer (PartitionKey, Document)
VALUES(
'["user2"]', --partition key value must match its attribute from document else it will throw error. In this example container PartitionKey is /id so we used its value. For multiple key use JSON array ["val1","val2"]
'{
  "id": "user2",
  "name": "John Doe",
  "email": "jdoe@contoso.com",
  "phone": ["12345"],
  "level": "platinum"
}')

UPDATE TestContainer 
SET  
 PartitionKey='["user2"]'
,Document=
'{
  "id" : "user2",
  "name": "John Doe at <<FUN_NOW>>",
  "email": "jdoe@contoso.com",
  "phone": ["<<FUN_TODAY>>"],
  "level": "platinum"
}'
Where Id='user2'

UPDATE TestContainer 
SET  
 PartitionKey='["user2"]'
,Document=
'{
  "operations": [
     { "op": "set", "path": "/name", "value": "updated name" }
	,{ "op": "set", "path": "/email", "value": "updated@email.com" }
  ]
}'
Where Id='user2'
WITH(
		RequestMethod='PATCH' --Partial Replace (change name and email only)
    )
	
/*
Example Document Operations
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cosmos-db/partial-document-update
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/cosmos-db/patch-a-document

[
  { "op": "add", "path": "/color", "value": "silver" },
  { "op": "remove", "path": "/used" },
  { "op": "set", "path": "/price", "value": 355.45 }
  { "op": "incr", "path": "/inventory/quantity", "value": 10 },
  { "op": "add", "path": "/tags/-", "value": "featured-bikes" },
  { "op": "move", "from": "/color", "path": "/inventory/color" }
]

*/

UPDATE TestContainer 
SET  
 PartitionKey='["user2"]'
,Document='@c:\temp\b.txt'  --path must start with @ symbol
Where Id='user2'
WITH(
		 RequestMethod='PATCH' --Partial Replace (change name and email only)
	    ,IsMultiPart=1 --this enables file upload	
    )
	
/*
Example Document Operations
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cosmos-db/partial-document-update
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/cosmos-db/patch-a-document

[
  { "op": "add", "path": "/color", "value": "silver" },
  { "op": "remove", "path": "/used" },
  { "op": "set", "path": "/price", "value": 355.45 }
  { "op": "incr", "path": "/inventory/quantity", "value": 10 },
  { "op": "add", "path": "/tags/-", "value": "featured-bikes" },
  { "op": "move", "from": "/color", "path": "/inventory/color" }
]

*/

SELECT * FROM SysDatabases

SELECT * FROM SysTables

SELECT * FROM SysTables WITH (Database='MyCosmos DB')

SELECT * FROM SysUsers

Conclusion

In this article we discussed how to connect to Cosmos DB in PowerShell and integrate data without any coding. Click here to Download Cosmos DB Connector for PowerShell and try yourself see how easy it is. If you still have any question(s) then ask here or simply click on live chat icon below and ask our expert (see bottom-right corner of this page).

Download Cosmos DB Connector for PowerShell Documentation 

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